November 30 is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 31 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 1700 Battle of Narva A Swedish army of 8,500 men under Charles XII defeats a much larger Russian army at Narva.
- 1718 Swedish king Charles XII dies during a siege of the fortress Fredriksten in Norway.
- 1782 American Revolutionary War: Treaty of Paris In Paris, representatives from the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign preliminary peace articles (later formalized as the 1783 Treaty of Paris).
- 1783 A 5.3 magnitude earthquake strikes New Jersey.
- 1786 Peter Leopold Joseph of Habsburg-Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany, promulgates a penal reform making his country the first state to abolish the death penalty. Consequently, November 30 is commemorated by 300 cities around the world as Cities for Life Day.
- 1803 In New Orleans, Louisiana, Spanish representatives officially transfer the Louisiana Territory to a French representative. Just 20 days later, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase.
- 1804 The Democratic-Republican-controlled United States Senate begins an impeachment trial against Federalist-partisan Supreme Court of the United States Justice Samuel Chase.
- 1824 First ground is broken at Allenburg for the building of the original Welland Canal.
- 1829 First Welland Canal opens for a trial run, 5 years to the day from the ground breaking.
- 1853 Crimean War: Battle of Sinop The Imperial Russian Navy under Pavel Nakhimov destroys the Ottoman fleet under Osman Pasha at Sinop, a sea port in northern Turkey.
- 1864 American Civil War: Battle of Franklin The Army of Tennessee led by General John Bell Hood mounts a dramatically unsuccessful frontal assault on Union positions commanded by John McAllister Schofield around Franklin, Tennessee, with Hood losing six generals and almost a third of his troops.
- 1868 The inauguration of a statue of King Charles XII of Sweden takes place in the King's garden in Stockholm.
- 1872 The first-ever international football match takes place at Hamilton Crescent, Glasgow, between Scotland and England.
- 1886 The Folies Bergθre stages its first revue.
- 1902 American Old West: Second-in-command of Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch gang, Kid Curry Logan, is sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with hard labor.
- 1908 A mine explosion in the mining town of Marianna, Pennsylvania kills 154.
- 1916 Costa Rica becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
- 1934 The steam locomotive Flying Scotsman becomes the first to officially exceed 100mph.
- 1936 In London, the Crystal Palace is destroyed by fire.
- 1939 Winter War: Soviet forces cross the Finnish border in several places and bomb Helsinki and several other Finnish cities, starting the war.
- 1940 Lucille Ball marries Desi Arnaz in Greenwich, Connecticut.
- 1942 World War II: Guadalcanal Campaign: Battle of Tassafaronga A smaller squadron of Japanese destroyers led by Raizō Tanaka defeats a US cruiser force under Carleton H. Wright.
- 1947 19471948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine begins on this day, leading up to the creation of the state of Israel.
- 1953 Edward Mutesa II, the kabaka (king) of Buganda is deposed and exiled to London by Sir Andrew Cohen, Governor of Uganda.
- 1954 In Sylacauga, Alabama, United States, the Hodges Meteorite crashes through a roof and hits a woman taking an afternoon nap in the only documented case of a human being hit by a rock from space.
- 1966 Barbados becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
- 1967 The People's Republic of South Yemen becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
- 1967 The Pakistan Peoples Party is founded by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto who becomes its first Chairman later as the Head of state and Head of government after the 1971 Civil War.
- 1971 Iran seizes the Greater and Lesser Tunbs from the United Arab Emirates.
- 1972 Vietnam War: White House Press Secretary Ron Ziegler tells the press that there will be no more public announcements concerning American troop withdrawals from Vietnam due to the fact that troop levels are now down to 27,000.
- 1981 Cold War: In Geneva, representatives from the United States and the Soviet Union begin to negotiate intermediate-range nuclear weapon reductions in Europe (the meetings ended inconclusively on December 17).
- 1982 Michael Jackson's Thriller, the best-selling album of all time, is released.
- 1989 Deutsche Bank board member Alfred Herrhausen is killed by a Red Army Faction terrorist bomb.
- 1993 U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (the Brady Bill) into law.
- 1994 MS Achille Lauro fire off Somalia coast.
- 1995 Official end of Operation Desert Storm.
- 1995 Bill Clinton, then President of the United States, visited Northern Ireland, and spoke in favour of the "Northern Ireland peace process" to a huge rally at Belfast City Hall. He called terrorists "yesterday's men".
- 1998 Exxon and Mobil sign a $73.7 billion USD agreement to merge, thus creating Exxon-Mobil, the world's largest company.
- 1999 In Seattle, Washington, United States, protests against the WTO meeting by anti-globalization protesters catch police unprepared and force the cancellation of opening ceremonies.
- 1999 British Aerospace and Marconi Electronic Systems merge to form BAE Systems, Europe's largest defense contractor and the fourth largest aerospace firm in the world.
- 2001 In Renton, Washington, United States, Gary Ridgway aka The Green River Killer is arrested.
- 2004 Longtime Jeopardy! champion Ken Jennings of Salt Lake City, Utah finally loses, leaving him with US$2,520,700, television's biggest game show winnings.
- 2004 Lion Air Flight 538 crash lands in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, killing 26.
- 2005 John Sentamu becomes the first black archbishop in the Church of England with his enthronement as the 97th Archbishop of York.
[edit] Births
- 539 Gregory of Tours, French bishop and historian (d. 594)
- 1340 John, Duke of Berry, son of John II of France (d. 1416)
- 1364 John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, English soldier (d. 1390)
- 1427 Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland (d. 1492)
- 1466 Andrea Doria, Italian naval leader (d. 1560)
- 1498 Andrιs de Urdaneta, Spanish Augustinian friar, sail-captain and explorer (d. 1568)
- 1508 Andrea Palladio, Italian architect (d. 1580)
- 1554 Philip Sidney, English courtier, soldier, and writer (d. 1586)
- 1594 John Cosin, English clergyman (d. 1672)
- 1625 Jean Domat, French jurist (d. 1696)
- 1637 Louis-Sιbastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian (d. 1698)
- 1645 Andreas Werckmeister, German organist, music theorist, and composer (d. 1706)
- 1667 Jonathan Swift, Irish writer and satirist (d. 1745)
- 1670 John Toland, Irish philosopher (d. 1722)
- 1683 Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhόller, Austrian field marshal (d. 1744)
- 1719 Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (d. 1772)
- 1722 Theodore Gardelle, Swiss painter and enameler (d. 1761)
- 1723 William Livingston, revolutionary Governor of New Jersey (d. 1790)
- 1748 Joachim Albertini, Italian-born composer, who spent most of his life in Poland (d. 1838)
- 1754 Ferdinand Ries, German composer (d. 1812)
- 1756 Ernst Chladni, German physicist (d. 1827)
- 1764 Franz Xaver Gerl, Austrian bass singer and composer (d. 1827)
- 1768 Jędrzej Śniadecki, Polish writer, physician, chemist and biologist (d. 1838)
- 1781 Alexander Berry, British adventurer (d. 1873)
- 1791 Count Franz Philipp von Lamberg, Austrian soldier and statesman (d. 1848)
- 1796 Carl Loewe, German composer (d. 1869)
- 1810 Oliver Winchester, American gunsmith (d. 1880)
- 1813 Louise-Victorine Ackermann, French poet (d. 1890)
- 1813 Charles-Valentin Alkan, French composer (d. 1888)
- 1817 Theodor Mommsen, German historian, Nobel laureate (d. 1903)
- 1821 Frederick Temple, 95th Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1902)
- 1825 William-Adolphe Bouguereau, French academic painter (d. 1905)
- 1835 Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens), American writer (d. 1910)
- 1836 Lord Frederick Cavendish, British politician (d. 1882)
- 1840 Henry Birks, Canadian businessman (d. 1928)
- 1847 Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena, 6th President of Brazil (d. 1909)
- 1857 Bobby Abel, English cricketer (d. 1936)
- 1858 Jagdish Chandra Bose, Indian physicist (d. 1937)
- 1863 Andrιs Bonifacio, head of the Philippine Revolutionary Movement Katipunan (KKK) (d. 1897)
- 1869 Nils Gustaf Dalιn, Swedish physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1937)
- 1870 Princess Henriette, Duchess of Vendτme and Alenηon (d. 1948)
- 1872 Dr. John McCrae, Canadian physician and soldier (d. 1918)
- 1874 Sir Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Nobel laureate (d. 1965)
- 1874 Lucy Maud Montgomery, Canadian author (d. 1942)
- 1879 Albert Johnson, Canadian football player (death date unknown)
- 1887 Andrej Gosar, Slovenian politician and thinker (d. 1970)
- 1889 Edgar Douglas Adrian, British physiologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1977)
- 1889 Reuvein Margolies, Austrian-Hungarian-born Israeli author and Talmudic scholar (d. 1971)
- 1898 Firpo Marberry, American baseball player (d. 1976)
- 1904 Clyfford Still, American painter (d. 1980)
- 1906 John Dickson Carr, American author (d. 1977)
- 1906 Andrιs Henestrosa, Mexican writer (d. 2008)
- 1907 Jacques Barzun, French-American historian and author (d. 2012)
- 1909 Robert Nighthawk, American musician (d. 1967)
- 1910 Leonidas Andrianopoulos, Greek footballer (d. 2011)
- 1911 Jorge Negrete, Mexican singer and actor (d. 1953)
- 1912 Gordon Parks, American photographer and film director (d. 2006)
- 1915 Brownie McGhee, American blues musician (d. 1996)
- 1915 Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2005)
- 1918 Efrem Zimbalist Jr., American actor
- 1920 Virginia Mayo, American actress (d. 2005)
- 1922 Graham Crowden, Scottish actor (d. 2010)
- 1924 Shirley Chisholm, American politician, United States Representatives from New York (d. 2005)
- 1924 Allan Sherman, American comedian (d. 1973)
- 1924 Elliott Blackstone, American gay and lesbian rights activist (d. 2006)
- 1926 Richard Crenna, American actor (d. 2003)
- 1927 Robert Guillaume, American actor
- 1928 Joe B. Hall, American basketball coach
- 1929 Dick Clark, American television host (d. 2012)
- 1929 Joan Ganz Cooney, American children's television pioneer
- 1930 G. Gordon Liddy, American Watergate operative and talk radio host
- 1931 Jack Ging, American actor
- 1931 Bill Walsh, American football coach (d. 2007)
- 1932 Bob Moore, American bassist and orchestra leader
- 1932 Cho Namchul, South Korean professional Go player (d. 2006)
- 1933 Norman Deeley, English footballer (d. 2007)
- 1936 Dmitri Victorovich Anosov, Russian mathematician
- 1936 Abbie Hoffman, American activist (d. 1989)
- 1937 Frank Ifield, Australian/British singer
- 1937 Ridley Scott, British film director
- 1937 Tom Simpson, British cyclist (d. 1967)
- 1937 Adeline Yen Mah, Chinese writer
- 1938 Jean Eustache, French filmmaker
- 1940 Dan Tieman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2012)
- 1943 Terrence Malick, American director and screenwriter
- 1944 Dian Parkinson, American model
- 1944 George Graham, Scottish former footballer
- 1945 Roger Glover, British bassist (Deep Purple)
- 1945 Radu Lupu, Romanian pianist
- 1947 David Mamet, American playwright
- 1947 Sergio Badilla Castillo, Chilean poet
- 1947 Stuart Baird, English film editor, producer and director
- 1947 Jude Ciccolella, American actor
- 1949 Vlassis Bonatsos, Greek entertainer (d. 2004)
- 1949 Jimmy London, Jamaican reggae singer
- 1950 Chris Claremont, British comic book writer
- 1951 Christian Bernard, mystic
- 1951 June Chadwick, British actress
- 1952 Keith Giffen, American comic book writer and artist
- 1952 Mandy Patinkin, American actor and singer
- 1953 Shuggie Otis, American musician, composer and producer
- 1953 June Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters) (d. 2006)
- 1954 Simonetta Stefanelli, Italian actress (The Godfather)
- 1954 Lawrence Summers, American economist and government official
- 1955 Michael Beschloss, American historian
- 1955 Richard Burr, American politician
- 1955 Kevin Conroy, American actor (Batman in the DC animated universe)
- 1955 Andy Gray, Scottish footballer
- 1955 Billy Idol (born William Michael Albert Broad), British musician
- 1955 Gordon Liu, Chinese actor
- 1955 Muricy Ramalho, Brazilian manager and former football player
- 1957 John Ashton, English guitarist (The Psychedelic Furs)
- 1957 Richard Barbieri, British keyboardist (Porcupine Tree)
- 1957 Andrew Calhoun, American musician
- 1957 Margaret Spellings, American politician and 8th United States Secretary of Education
- 1957 Joλl Champetier, French Canadian author
- 1957 Colin Mochrie, Scottish-born Canadian comedian
- 1958 Juliette Bergmann, Dutch bodybuilder
- 1958 Stacey Q, American singer
- 1958 Iz the Wiz, NYC graffiti artist (d. 2009)
- 1959 Lorraine Kelly, British presenter and journalist
- 1959 Cherie Currie, American musician
- 1960 Rich Fields, American television personality
- 1960 Bill Halter, American politician
- 1960 Gary Lineker, English footballer
- 1960 Bob Tewksbury, American baseball player
- 1962 Bo Jackson, American football and baseball player
- 1962 Daniel Keys Moran, American writer
- 1964 Michael Cudlitz, American actor
- 1964 Jushin Liger, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1965 Aldair, Brazilian footballer
- 1965 Prince Akishino of Japan
- 1965 Lee Klein, American writer
- 1965 David Laws, British politician
- 1965 Ben Stiller, American actor
- 1966 David Berkoff, American swimmer
- 1966 John Bishop, British comedian
- 1966 Wil Mara, American author
- 1966 David Nicholls, English novelist and screenwriter
- 1966 Mika Salo, Finnish racing driver
- 1967 Rajiv Dixit, Indian Scientist & Social Activist (d. 2010)
- 1968 Des'ree, English singer
- 1968 Laurent Jalabert, French cyclist
- 1969 Marc Goossens, Belgian racing driver
- 1969 Amy Ryan, American actress
- 1969 Mike Stone, American musician (Queensryche)
- 1970 Robert Griffith, American football player
- 1970 Perrey Reeves, American actress
- 1971 Tonči Boban, Croatian footballer
- 1971 Ray Durham, American baseball player
- 1971 Ivαn Rodrνguez, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1972 Christopher Fitzgerald, American stage actor
- 1972 Abel Xavier, Portuguese footballer
- 1973 Lim Chang-jung, South Korean actor
- 1973 John Moyer, American bassist (Disturbed)
- 1973 Jason Reso (aka "Christian Cage"), Canadian professional wrestler
- 1974 Sιbastien Tellier, French singer
- 1975 Mindy McCready, American musician
- 1975 Ben Thatcher, Welsh footballer
- 1976 Marco Castro, American film director
- 1976 Josh Lewsey, English rugby player
- 1976 Cypher Zero, American circus innovator (New York Circus Arts)
- 1977 Steve Aoki, American DJ
- 1977 Ivαn Guerrero, Honduran footballer
- 1977 Kazumi Saito, Japanese baseball player
- 1977 Olivier Schoenfelder, French ice dancer
- 1978 Clay Aiken, American singer
- 1978 Gael Garcνa Bernal, Mexican actor
- 1978 Benjamin Lense, German footballer
- 1978 Emil Steiner, American writer
- 1979 Chris Atkinson, Australian rally driver
- 1979 Andrιs Nocioni, Argentine basketball player
- 1980 Jamie Ashdown, English footballer
- 1980 Shane Victorino, American baseball player
- 1981 Zabiuddin Ansari, Indian national, Islamic fundamentalist and possible terrorist alias Abu Hamza
- 1981 Rich Harden, Canadian baseball player
- 1981 Billy Lush, American actor
- 1982 Elisha Cuthbert, Canadian actress
- 1982 Tony Giarratano, American baseball player
- 1982 Clιmence Poιsy, French actress
- 1982 Jason Pominville, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1982 Medina, Danish singer
- 1983 Andy Akinwolere, English television presenter
- 1983 Adrian Cristea, Romanian footballer
- 1983 Vladislav Polyakov, Kazakh swimmer
- 1984 Alan Hutton, Scottish footballer
- 1984 Nigel de Jong, Dutch footballer
- 1984 Francisco Sandaza, Spanish footballer
- 1985 Kaley Cuoco, American actress and model
- 1986 Jordan Farmar, American basketball player
- 1987 Vasilisa Bardina, Russian tennis player
- 1987 Christel Khalil, American actress
- 1987 Naomi Knight, American wrestler, model, and dancer
- 1987 Dougie Poynter, British singer and bassist (McFly)
- 1989 Vladimνr Weiss, Slovakian footballer
- 1990 Magnus Carlsen, Norwegian chess player
- 1990 Antoine N'Gossan, Ivorian footballer
- 1993 Yuri Chinen, Japanese actor and singer
- 1994 William Melling, English actor
[edit] Deaths
- 1016 Edmund II of England
- 1580 Richard Farrant, English composer
- 1626 Thomas Weelkes, English composer
- 1654 John Selden, English jurist and oriental scholar (b. 1584)
- 1675 Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, British colonial governor (b. 1605)
- 1703 Nicolas de Grigny, French organist and composer (b. 1672)
- 1705 Catherine of Braganza, wife of Charles II of England (b. 1638)
- 1718 King Charles XII of Sweden (b. 1682)
- 1761 John Dollond, British optician (b. 1706)
- 1765 George Glas, British merchant and adventurer (b. 1725)
- 1886 Dimitrios Valvis, Greek judge and politician (b. 1814)
- 1900 Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (b. 1854)
- 1901 Edward John Eyre, British explorer (b. 1815)
- 1908 Nishinoumi Kajirō I, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 16th Yokozuna (b. 1855)
- 1916 Dorrit Weixler, German actress (b. 1892)
- 1920 Vladimir May-Mayevsky, Russian counter-revolutionary (b. 1867)
- 1923 John Maclean MA, Scottish Socialist (b. 1879)
- 1933 Sir Arthur Currie, Canadian general (b. 1875)
- 1934 Hιlθne Boucher, French aviatrix (b. 1908)
- 1934 Roy Turk, American songwriter and lyricist (d. 1892)
- 1935 Fernando Pessoa, Portuguese poet (b. 1888)
- 1943 Etty Hillesum, Dutch diarist (b. 1914)
- 1944 Paul Masson (b. 1876)
- 1953 Francis Picabia, French painter and poet (b. 1879)
- 1954 Wilhelm Furtwδngler, German conductor (b. 1886)
- 1955 Josip tolcer-Slavenski, Croatian composer (b. 1896)
- 1956 Viggo Wiehe, Danish actor (b. 1874)
- 1957 Beniamino Gigli, Italian tenor (b. 1890)
- 1958 Hubert Wilkins, Australian polar explorer (b. 1888)
- 1966 Salah Suheimat, Jordanian parliamentarian (b. 1914)
- 1967 Patrick Kavanagh, Irish poet (b. 1904)
- 1977 Terence Rattigan, British writer and playwright (b. 1911)
- 1979 Zeppo Marx, American actor and comedian (b. 1901)
- 1987 Simon Carmiggelt, Dutch journalist and writer (b. 1913)
- 1988 Pannonica de Koenigswarter, jazz patroness and writer
- 1989 Alfred Herrhausen, German banker (Deutsche Bank) (b. 1930)
- 1993 David Houston, American country music singer (b. 1938)
- 1994 Guy Debord, French writer and filmmaker (b. 1931)
- 1994 Lionel Stander, American actor (b. 1908)
- 1995 Randy Walker, American musician (b. 1968)
- 1996 Tiny Tim, American entertainer (b. 1932)
- 1997 Kathy Acker, American author (b. 1947)
- 1998 Margaret Walker, African-American poet (b. 1915)
- 1999 Charlie Byrd, American jazz guitarist (b. 1925)
- 2000 Scott Smith, Canadian musician (Loverboy) (b. 1955)
- 2002 Tim Woods, American professional wrestler (b. 1934)
- 2003 Gertrude Ederle, American swimmer (b. 1906)
- 2004 Pierre Berton, Canadian author (b. 1920)
- 2004 Seung Sahn, Korean spiritual figure (b. 1927)
- 2005 Jean Parker, American actress (b. 1915)
- 2006 Elhadi Adam, Sudanese poet and lyricist (b. 1927)
- 2006 Rafael Buenaventura, Filipino banker and politician (b. 1938)
- 2007 Engin Arık, Turkish nuclear physicist (b. 1948)
- 2007 Evel Knievel, American motorcycle daredevil (b. 1938)
- 2008 Munetaka Higuchi, Japanese musician (Loudness) (b. 1958)
- 2010 Rajiv Dixit, Indian scientist and Swadeshi movement figure (b. 1967)
- 2010 Garry Gross, American photographer (b. 1937)
- 2010 Peter Hofmann, Czech-born German operatic tenor (b. 1944)
- 2010 Faye Wright, American spiritual figure (b. 1914)
- 2011 Leka, Crown Prince of Albania (b. 1939)
[edit] Holidays and observances