July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining.
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| 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
| 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
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| 2005 | ||||||
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Events
- 1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France.
- 1829 - In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the first typewriter.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
- 1903 - Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago, Illinois becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.
- 1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denied Austria-Hungary of their demands World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914
- 1926 - Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
- 1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
- 1942- The Treblinka extermination camp is opened
- 1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.
- 1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.
- 1962 - Telstar relays the first live trans-Atlantic television signal.
- 1967 - 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).
- 1970 - Qaboos ibn Sa’id, becomes Sultan of Oman.
- 1972 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite.
- 1973 - Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.
- 1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.
- 1983 - Gimli Glider: Air Canada flight 143 crash-lands in Gimli, Manitoba.
- 1984 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in "Penthouse" magazine.
- 1986 - In London, Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey.
- 1997 - Digital Equipment Company files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
- 1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
- 1999 - Hijack of ANA Flight 61 in Tokyo.
- 2003 - Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the Afghan National Army.
- 2004 - 11 years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.
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Births
- 1301 - Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria
- 1626 - Sabbatai Zevi, Jewish false Messiah (d. 1676)
- 1649 - Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
- 1777 - Philipp Otto Runge, painter (d. 1810)
- 1796 - Franz Berwald, composer (d. 1868)
- 1865 - Max Heindel (born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Denmark); Christian occultist, astrologer and mystic (d. 1919)
- 1884 - Emil Jannings, actor (d. 1950)
- 1886 - Salvador de Madariaga (d. 1978), League of Nations disarmament chief
- 1888 - Raymond Chandler, author (d. 1959)
- 1892 - Haile Selassie, emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1975)
- 1893 - Karl Menninger, psychiatrist (d. 1990)
- 1899 - Gustav Heinemann, politician, President of the Federal Republic of Germany (d. 1976)
- 1906 - Vladimir Prelog, Croat chemist, Nobel Prize (d. 1998)
- 1923 - Witto Aloma, Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
- 1936 - Don Drysdale, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (d. 1993)
- 1936 - Shiv Kumar Batalvi, Punjabi revolutionary
- 1938 - Bert Newton, actor, TV show host
- 1938 - Götz George, actor
- 1942 - Myra Hindley, Moors murderess (d. 2002)
- 1947 - David Essex, rock and roll singer
- 1950 - Alex Kozinski, Circuit Judge
- 1961 - Woody Harrelson, actor
- 1961 - Martin L. Gore, musician, songwriter (Depeche Mode)
- 1965 - Slash (born "Saul Hudson"), guitarist (Guns N Roses)
- 1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman, actor
- 1970 - Thea Dorn, German writer
- 1971 - Alison Krauss, bluegrass singer, musician
- 1971 - Dalvin DeGrate aka Mr. Dalvin, R&B singer
- 1973 - Nomar Garciaparra, baseball star
- 1973 - Monica Lewinsky, Congressional intern
- 1974 - Maurice Greene, American athlete
- 1976 - Judit Polgár, Hungarian Chess Player.
- 1978 - Stefanie Sun, Singaporea songstress
- 1980 - Michelle Williams, Singer
- 1989 - Daniel Radcliffe, actor
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Deaths
- 1373 - Saint Birgitta, saint
- 1727 - Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain
- 1757 - Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer
- 1773 - George Edwards, naturalist (b. 1693)
- 1885 - Ulysses S. Grant, general, 18th President of the United States
- 1916 - Sir William Ramsay, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- 1920 - Conrad Kohrs, rancher
- 1924 - Frank Frost Abbott, American classical scholar (b. 1850)
- 1942 - Adam Czerniakow, Polish engineer (suicide) (b. 1880)
- 1948 - D. W. Griffith, film director
- 1951 - Henri Philippe Pétain, leader of Vichy France
- 1955 - Cordell Hull, Secretary of State
- 1966 - Montgomery Clift, actor
- 1971 - Van Heflin, actor
- 1973 - Eddie Rickenbacker, aviation pioneer
- 1982 - Vic Morrow, actor
- 1983 - Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
- 1989 - Donald Barthelme, American author (b. 1931)
- 1997 - Chuhei Nambu, Japanese athlete
- 1999 - King Hassan II of Morocco
- 2001 - Eudora Welty, author (b. 1909)
- 2002 - Leo McKern, actor
- 2002 - Dr. William L. Pierce, author, leader of the National Alliance
- 2002 - Chaim Potok, American novelist
- 2003 - James E. Davis, New York City councilman (murdered)
- 2004 - Carlos Paredes, musician and composer
- 2004 - Mehmood, Indian actor
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Holidays and observances
- Egypt - Revolution Day (1952)
- Libya - Revolution Day
- Papua New Guinea - Remembrance Day
- Roman Empire - Neptunalia held in honor of Neptune
- Rastafari movement - Celebration of the birthday of Haile Selassie
- Astrology: First day of sun sign Leo